diff --git a/src/Test/AggregateRootTestCase.php b/src/Test/AggregateRootTestCase.php
index a818f87..8c8d365 100644
--- a/src/Test/AggregateRootTestCase.php
+++ b/src/Test/AggregateRootTestCase.php
@@ -118,6 +118,8 @@ final public function assert(): self
             }
         } catch (Throwable $throwable) {
             $this->handleException($throwable);
+
+            return $this;
         }
 
         if (!$aggregate instanceof AggregateRoot) {
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Fixture/CreateProfileWithFailure.php b/tests/Unit/Fixture/CreateProfileWithFailure.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd66dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Fixture/CreateProfileWithFailure.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture;
+
+final readonly class CreateProfileWithFailure
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public ProfileId $id,
+        public Email $email,
+    ) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Fixture/Profile.php b/tests/Unit/Fixture/Profile.php
index f970fe2..e6df059 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Fixture/Profile.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Fixture/Profile.php
@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ public static function createProfile(CreateProfile $createProfile): self
         return $self;
     }
 
+    #[Handle]
+    public static function createProfileException(CreateProfileWithFailure $createProfile): void
+    {
+        $self = new self();
+        $self->throwException();
+    }
+
     #[Handle]
     public function visitProfile(VisitProfile $visitProfile, string|null $token = null): void
     {
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Test/AggregateRootTestCaseTest.php b/tests/Unit/Test/AggregateRootTestCaseTest.php
index 64af241..eea79b1 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Test/AggregateRootTestCaseTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Test/AggregateRootTestCaseTest.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Test\NoAggregateCreated;
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Test\NoWhenProvided;
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture\CreateProfile;
+use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture\CreateProfileWithFailure;
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture\Email;
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture\Profile;
 use Patchlevel\EventSourcing\PhpUnit\Tests\Unit\Fixture\ProfileCreated;
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ public function testException(): void
             ->expectsException(ProfileError::class);
 
         $test->assert();
-        self::assertSame(2, $test::getCount());
+        self::assertSame(1, $test::getCount());
     }
 
     public function testExceptionMessage(): void
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ public function testExceptionMessage(): void
             ->expectsExceptionMessage('throwing so that you can catch it!');
 
         $test->assert();
-        self::assertSame(2, $test::getCount());
+        self::assertSame(1, $test::getCount());
     }
 
     public function testExceptionAndMessage(): void
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ public function testExceptionAndMessage(): void
             ->expectsExceptionMessage('throwing so that you can catch it!');
 
         $test->assert();
-        self::assertSame(3, $test::getCount());
+        self::assertSame(2, $test::getCount());
     }
 
     public function testExceptionUncatched(): void
@@ -100,6 +101,24 @@ public function testExceptionUncatched(): void
             );
 
         $this->expectException(ProfileError::class);
+        $test->assert();
+        self::assertSame(1, $test::getCount());
+    }
+
+    public function testExceptionWhenCreating(): void
+    {
+        $test = $this->getTester();
+
+        $test
+            ->when(
+                new CreateProfileWithFailure(
+                    ProfileId::fromString('1'),
+                    Email::fromString('hq@patchlevel.de'),
+                ),
+            )
+            ->expectsException(ProfileError::class)
+            ->expectsExceptionMessage('throwing so that you can catch it!');
+
         $test->assert();
         self::assertSame(2, $test::getCount());
     }